Ulcers

What is an ulcer?

A stomach ulcer (also called a peptic or gastric ulcer) is a small hole in the stomach or intestines. The direct cause of an ulcer is from a high production of stomach acid, which then breaks down the lining of the stomach and forms this hole.

Stomach acid is naturally found in the stomach and is used to digest food particles. However, if there is an excess, it begin to erode the cells within the stomach. A high production of stomach acid is most commonly caused by infection of a bug named Helicobacter Pylori. This is a bacterium that can be transmitted from person to person or via food or unsafe drinking water. Antibiotics are the most effective treatment when treated an ulcer caused by Helicobacter Pylori.

Other common causes of ulcers include smoking, stress, genetics, chewing gum and excessive use of aspirin and other anti-inflammatory medication.

Symptoms of ulcers:

Common symptoms of an ulcer include a sharp burn or pain in the abdomen which may be interpreted as heartburn, hunger or cramping and often occurs directly after eating, lasting up to 3 hours. Some may also feel nauseas or find coffee coloured blood in the stool. Other symptoms of ulcers can include:

loss of appetite

sudden, sharp stomach pains

frequent burping or hiccuping

weight loss

Treatment of an ulcer:

If the ulcer is caused by smoking, stress or excessive intake of anti-inflammatory medication, one should try to limit these behaviors as much as possible.. One can also get antibiotics if caused by Helicobacter Pylori. Weight loss and diet changes may also benefit in treating the ulcer.

Dietary treatment of ulcers:

Eat small regular meals and snacks to prevent hunger or over eating,

Eat slowly and chew foods well,

Avoid grainy, rough foods like seed breads as this may ‘scratch’ the ulcer, rather have foods such as white or brown smooth bread.

Avoid fatty foods, caffeine and dairy products as these increase the production of acid in the stomach, instead, try low fat options, rooibos and decaffeinated coffee, and small amounts of fat free milk.

Spicy foods (like curry powder, peppers and chili) as well as acidic foods (like citrus fruits and tomatoes) may also burn the ulcer and cause more discomfort so try to avoid these foods,

Continue to eat a balance meal with a good portion of protein to help with the wound healing.

   Article written by Karen Steel Smith ((RD) SA  - Dieticians at work